Compare Svalbard (2008) - Cayman Islands (2008)

Compare Svalbard (2008) z Cayman Islands (2008)

	Svalbard (2008)	Cayman Islands (2008)

Administrative divisions	-	8 districts; Creek, Eastern, Midland, South Town, Spot Bay, Stake Bay, West End, Western
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA	0-14 years: 20.3% (male 4,746/female 4,730) 15-64 years: 71% (male 16,135/female 16,964) 65 years and over: 8.6% (male 1,892/female 2,133) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	vegetables, fruit; livestock; turtle farming
Airports	4 (2007)	3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2007)	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Area	total: 61,020 sq km land: 61,020 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)	total: 262 sq km land: 262 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than West Virginia	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.	The Cayman Islands were colonized from Jamaica by the British during the 18th and 19th centuries, and were administered by Jamaica after 1863. In 1959, the islands became a territory within the Federation of the West Indies, but when the Federation dissolved in 1962, the Cayman Islands chose to remain a British dependency.
Birth rate	NA	12.6 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $25.07 million expenditures: $NA (2004 est.)	revenues: $423.8 million expenditures: $392.6 million (2004)
Capital	name: Longyearbyen geographic coordinates: 78 13 N, 15 33 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October	name: George Town (on Grand Cayman) geographic coordinates: 19 18 N, 81 23 W time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year	tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)
Coastline	3,587 km	160 km
Constitution	-	1959; revised 1962, 1972, and 1994
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Cayman Islands
Death rate	NA	4.98 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$70 million (1996)
Dependency status	territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone	none
Economic aid - recipient	$8.2 million from Norway (1998)	$390,000 (2004)
Economy - overview	Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gave the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some hunting of seal, reindeer, and fox.	With no direct taxation, the islands are a thriving offshore financial center. More than 68,000 companies were registered in the Cayman Islands as of 2003, including almost 500 banks, 800 insurers, and 5,000 mutual funds. A stock exchange was opened in 1997. Tourism is also a mainstay, accounting for about 70% of GDP and 75% of foreign currency earnings. The tourist industry is aimed at the luxury market and caters mainly to visitors from North America. Total tourist arrivals exceeded 2.1 million in 2003, with about half from the US. About 90% of the islands' food and consumer goods must be imported. The Caymanians enjoy one of the highest outputs per capita and one of the highest standards of living in the world.
Electricity - consumption	-	372 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	-	400 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: The Bluff (Cayman Brac) 43 m
Environment - current issues	NA	no natural fresh water resources; drinking water supplies must be met by rainwater catchments
Ethnic groups	Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)	mixed 40%, white 20%, black 20%, expatriates of various ethnic groups 20%
Exchange rates	Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 5.8396 (2007), 6.4117 (2006), 6.4425 (2005), 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003)	Caymanian dollars per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.8496 (2006)
Executive branch	chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991) head of government: Governor Per SEFLAND (since 1 October 2005); Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since 2003) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Stuart JACK (since 23 November 2005) head of government: Leader of Government Business Kurt TIBBETTS (since 18 May 2005) cabinet: Executive Council (three members appointed by the governor, four members elected by the Legislative Assembly) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or coalition is appointed by the governor Leader of Government Business
Exports	$197.6 million (2004)	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	-	turtle products, manufactured consumer goods
Exports - partners	-	mostly US (2006)
Fiscal year	-	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of Norway is used	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Caymanian coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms includes a pineapple and turtle above a shield with three stars (representing the three islands) and a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto HE HATH FOUNDED IT UPON THE SEAS
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 1.4% industry: 3.2% services: 95.4% (1994 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	0.9% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates	78 00 N, 20 00 E	19 30 N, 80 30 W
Geography - note	northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area; Spitsbergen Island is the site of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a seed repository established by the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Norwegian Government	important location between Cuba and Central America
Heliports	1 (2007)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	offshore financial center; vulnerable to drug transshipment to the US and Europe
Imports	$NA	2,698 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	-	foodstuffs, manufactured goods
Imports - partners	-	US, Netherlands Antilles, Japan (2006)
Independence	none (territory of Norway)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	tourism, banking, insurance and finance, construction, construction materials, furniture
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.94 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	4.4% (2004)
International organization participation	none	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	-	Summary Court; Grand Court; Cayman Islands Court of Appeal
Labor force	NA	23,450 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture: 1.4% industry: 12.6% services: 86% (1995)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (no trees; the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2005)	arable land: 3.85% permanent crops: 0% other: 96.15% (2005)
Languages	Norwegian, Russian	English
Legal system	the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply	British common law and local statutes
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Legislative Assembly (18 seats; 3 appointed members from the Executive Council and 15 elected by popular vote; to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 11 May 2005 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPM 9, UDP 5, independent 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 80.2 years male: 77.57 years female: 82.87 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 98% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway	Caribbean, three island (Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, Little Cayman) group in Caribbean Sea, 240 km south of Cuba and 268 km northwest of Jamaica
Map references	Arctic Region	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 4 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 124 ships (1000 GRT or over) 2,953,923 GRT/4,597,716 DWT by type: bulk carrier 33, cargo 11, chemical tanker 41, liquefied gas 1, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 17, refrigerated cargo 13, roll on/roll off 3, vehicle carrier 4 foreign-owned: 122 (Denmark 3, Germany 17, Greece 23, Italy 10, Japan 6, Norway 2, Singapore 10, Sweden 1, UK 9, US 41) (2007)
Military - note	demilitarized by treaty on 9 February 1920	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	-	no regular military forces; Royal Cayman Islands Police Force
National holiday	-	Constitution Day, first Monday in July
Nationality	-	noun: Caymanian(s) adjective: Caymanian
Natural hazards	ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic	hurricanes (July to November)
Natural resources	coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish	fish, climate and beaches that foster tourism
Net migration rate	NA	17.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: major destination for Cubans trying to migrate to the US (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	United Democratic Party or UDP [McKeeva BUSH]; People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Kurt TIBBETTS]; note - no national teams (loose groupings of political organizations) were formed for the 2000 elections
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	2,214 (July 2007 est.)	46,600 note: most of the population lives on Grand Cayman (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.007% (2007 est.)	2.496% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions	-	United Church (Presbyterian and Congregational), Anglican, Baptist, Church of God, other Protestant, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio	NA (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.003 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.951 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.887 male(s)/female total population: 0.956 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: probably adequate domestic: local telephone service international: country code - 47-790; satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)	general assessment: reasonably good system domestic: liberalization of telecom market in 2003; introduction of competition in the mobile-cellular market in 2004 international: country code - 1-345; landing point for the MAYA-1 submarine telephone cable network that provides links to the US and parts of Central and South America; submarine cable provides connectivity to Jamaica; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	38,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	17,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	NA	4 with cable system (2004)
Terrain	wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts	low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs
Total fertility rate	NA	1.89 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	4.4% (2004)

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